Election Metaphor and SELF/THE OTHER Conceptualization in Iran Newspapers' Headlines: A Critical Metaphor Analysis

Pourebrahim, Shirin

doi:10.30473/il.2020.49655.1318

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Shirin Pourebrahim

Associate Professor of Linguistics, Payame Noor University (PNU)

https://doi.org/10.30473/il.2020.49655.1318

Abstract

Critical Metaphor Theory is an interdisciplinary approach in linguistic studies beginning with Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and introduced as a theory by Chartris-Black (2004). This research is to find the quality of election conceptualizations in Iran's Political Newspapers Headlines. Then, it attempts to investigate how the two dominant political ideologies of reformism and fundamentalism function to legitimate the self and illegitimate the other candidates and ideology. To do so, Chilton's (2004) Deictic Dimension Model was used. The data were extracted from the election headlines of 12 political newspapers during a two-month period of 2017 presidential election. Having analyzed the data, the researcher found that there are three dominant election metaphors, namely: Election is a journey, Election is a battle, and Election is a sport competition in both reformist and fundamentalist' newspapers' headlines. The result of this study is significant in that it was found that THE SELF is conceptualized as now, here, and good, near the deictic center, though THE OTHER is spatially and temporally far from deictic center and its values. This paper shows that political structures and processes like SELF/ THE OTHER opposition obviously influence metaphorical conceptualizations.

Keywords

Main Subjects

The Social Stratification of Journalistic Material

References

رضاپور، ابراهیم (1396). نقش ایدئولوژی در ساخت و گزینش استعارة مفهومی مرگ در اشعار احمد شاملو و فریدون توللی از منظر نظریة گفتمانی استعاره. زبان‌شناسی و گویش‌های خراسان، 17، 120-81.

رضاپور، ابراهیم (1397). نقش جنسیت در ساخت و گزینش استعاره در اشعار شاملو و مشیری از منظر نظریة گفتمانی استعاره. زبان و ادبیات فارسی. 26 (84)، 156-133.

رضائیان، مجید، (1393). تکنیک‌های تیترزنی. مصاحبه همشهری آنلاین. برگرفته در تاریخ 30 مرداد 1396/ 21 اوت 2017 از سایت:

http://www.hamshahritraining.ir/news-3759.aspx

شهری، بهمن (1391). پیوندهای میان استعاره و ایدئولوژی. نقد ادبی. 5 (19)، 76-59.

فاضلی، فیروز و سلطانی، بهروز (1394). الگوی اقناعی استعاره در گفتمان اجتماعی-سیاسی، تغییر، تلقین و تثبیت نگرش‌های اجتماعی-سیاسی. نقد ادبی، 8 (31)، 114-91.

فرجی، الهام (1388). استعاره‌های مفهومی در متون سیاسی انتخابات: انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری 2009 ایران. پایان‌نامۀ کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان انگلیسی. دانشگاه ایلام.

کوچش، زلتن، (1393). مقدمه‌ای کاربردی بر استعاره. ترجمه: شیرین پورابراهیم. تهران: سمت.

مشیرزاده، حمیرا و همویی، فاطمه (1391). گفتمان سیاسی اروپایی بریتانیا تحلیلی استعاره‌ای. تحقیقات سیاسی بین‌المللی. 12. 1-39.

نورمحمدی، مهتاب و دبیرمقدم، محمد (1397). تحلیل انتقادی استعاره‌ها در مناظره‌های تلویزیونی انتخابات ریاست جمهوری 1396 ایران. رسانه‌های دیداری شنیداری، 13 (30)، 251- 227.

Bratož, S. (2014). Metaphors in political discourse from a cross-cultural perspective. IJEMS, 7, 3-23.

Charteris-Black, J. (2004). Corpus approaches to critical metaphor analysis. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

Charteris-Black, J. (2011). Politicians and rhetoric: The persuasive power of metaphor. (2^nd ed.). New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing political discourse: Theory and practice. London: Routledge.

Chilton, P. (2005). Manipulation, memes and metaphors: The case of Mein Kampf. In L.D. Saussure & P. Schulz (eds.). Manipulation and ideologies in the twentieth century (pp. 15-44). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Chilton, P., & Lakoff, G. (1995). Foreign policy by metaphor. In C. Schaffner, & L. Wenden (Eds.), Language and peace (pp. 37-60). Aldershot: Darmouth.

Drulak, P. (2006). Motion, container and equilibrium: Metaphors in the discourse about European integration. European Journal of International Relations, 12(4), 499-531.

Goatly, A. (2007). Washing the brain: Metaphor and hidden ideology. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamin.

Hart, Ch. (2011). Moving beyond metaphor in the cognitive linguistic approach to CDA: Construal operations in immigration discourse. In C. Hart (Ed.), Critical discourse studies in context and cognition (pp. 171-192). Amsterdam: John Benjamins..

Knowles, M., & Rosamand, M. (2005). Introducing metaphor. London & New York: Routledge.

Lakoff, G. (1996). Moral politics: What conservatives know that liberals don’t. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by Chicago: Chicago University Press.

Musolff, A. (2004). Metaphor and political discourse: Analogical reasoning in debates about Europe. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

Musolff, A. (2012). The study of metaphor as part of critical discourse analysis. Critical Discourse Studies, 9(3), 301-310.

Pragglejaz Group. (2007). MIP: A method for identifying metaphorically used words in discourse. Metaphor and Symbol, 22(1),1-39.

Van Dijk, T. A. (2002). Ideology: Political discourse and cognition, In P. A. Chilton & C. Schaffner (Eds.), Politics as text and talk: Analytic approaches to political discourse (pp. 203-237). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Journal of Sociolinguistics

Election Metaphor and SELF/THE OTHER Conceptualization in Iran Newspapers' Headlines: A Critical Metaphor Analysis

References

References

Volume 3, Issue 3 - Serial Number 11
July 2020
Pages 25-40

Election Metaphor and SELF/THE OTHER Conceptualization in Iran Newspapers' Headlines: A Critical Metaphor Analysis

References

References

Volume 3, Issue 3 - Serial Number 11July 2020Pages 25-40

Volume 3, Issue 3 - Serial Number 11
July 2020
Pages 25-40