Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Faezeh Waezzadeh ¹
• Mahin Panahi ²
• Maryam Hoseini ²

¹ Ph.D. Candidate of Persian Language and Literature, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran

² Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Mirza Ali Khan Zahir al-Doulah, with the support of his political position in the Qajar court and his belief base in the Safi Alishahi Tariqat, and by creating intellectual and freedom-loving organizations, is considered one of the influential figures in the course of constitutionalism. The current research, using Farklaf's discourse analysis approach, seeks to answer the following questions: How is the discourse order of Qajar era Iran reproduced in Zahir al-Doulah's poems? Discourse actions of his poems reflect which of the social actions? And what is Zahir al-Doulah's solution to get out of the ruling discourses? The results showed that the social structure of the Qajar period was reflected in the discourse functions of Zahir al-Dawlah by choosing names based on expressive values, and the participants were categorized into two groups: 1- "Positive" group including God, religious and mystic elders, and positive personalities; 2- "Negative" group including oppressive rulers, tyrannical powerful, ignorant and oppressive classes of society. Zahir al-Douleh, by empathizing with the people, from the position of a critic, has created a discourse confrontation and believes that the way to get rid of the ruling discourse is everyone's movement towards anti-oppression and awareness.

Keywords

• Discourse Analysis
• Poetry of the Qajar؛ Period
• Mystical Poetry؛ Zahir Al-Dowleh؛ Norman Fairclough؛ Sociolinguistics

Main Subjects

• Discourse Analysis