Document Type : Research Paper
Author
M.A. in Linguistics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract
The effectiveness of using the first language to teach a second language has always been controversial.. The use of the mother tongue of Foreign Persian learners has a practical role in explaining, describing contradictions and clarifying the concepts of the second language .The purpose of this study is to examine the views and attitudes of foreign Persian learners about the importance and role of mother tongue in learning and using Persian as a second language in Iran. The results show that in general, the views and attitudes of foreign Persian learners toward the importance and role of the mother tongue were such that the use of the mother tongue in the Persian language class was considered effective and applicable in these three cases: 1. at the elementary level 2. In Cases where some words, sentences, concepts, and themes are very difficult and complex to understand for Persian learners. 3. When there are differences in the structure of the first and second languages. Otherwise, the use of the Persian language in all (other) circumstances was considered functional and essential.
Keywords
- Mother tongue
- Second language
- Foreign Persian learners
- beginners
- structural differences
- difficult concepts
Main Subjects
Atkinson, D. (1987). The mother tongue in the classroom – a neglected resource?. ELT Journal 44 (4), 241- 247.
Auerbach, E.R. (1993a). Comments on Elsa Roberts Auerbach's "Reexamining English Only in the ESL Classroom". The Author Responds. TESOL Quarterly 28/1: 157-161.
Auerbach, E.R. (1993b). Re-examining English Only in the ESL Classroom.TESOL Quarterly, 27/1: 9-32.
Bachman, L. (1990). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bachman, L., Palmer, A. (1996). Language testing in practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bennett, M. (2004). Becoming interculturally Competent. In Wurzel, J. (ed.). Toward multiculturalism: A reader in multicultural education (2nd ed., pp. 62-77). Newton, MA: Intercultural Resource Corporation.
Bloch, M. (1991). Language, anthropology and cognitive science. Man, 26, 183-197.
Bourdet. J. F. (1995). Aprendre ailleurs", in le français dans le monde, Paris : Hachette, n° 273.
Canale, M., Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1, 1-17.
Celce-Murcia, M., Dornyei, Z., Thurrell, S. (1995). Communicative competence: a pedagogically motivated model with content specifications. Issues in Applied Linguistics, 2, 5-35.
Chomskey, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Clarke, M. (1976). Second language acquisition as a clash of consciousness. Language Learning, 26, 377-390.
Coetzee-Van Rooy, S. (2006). Integrativeness: untenable for world Englishes.
Cortes, J., et al. (1987). "une introduction à la recherche scientifique en didactique des langues", Paris: CREDIF. learners? World Englishes, 25 (3-4), 437-450.
Ege, L. (1984). From mother tongue to other tongue. Retrieved on August 20, 2013 from www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/methodology / ,.shtml
Eshnyder, J. (1979). Critical period effects in second language learning.
Etkinson, M. (1987). The interpretation of cultures: Selected essays. New York: Basic Books.
Franklin, C. (1990). Teaching in the Target Language: Problems and ProspectsLanguage. learning Journal, 20-24.
Gomez Martinez, S., Fuertes Olivera, P. (2003). A Revision of the Role L1 Plays in Second Language Learning. In P. Abad Garcia and J.R. Fernandez Suarez (eds.), EstudiosdeFilologiaInglesa (pp. 193-205). Valladolid: Universidad de Valladolid.
Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures: Selected essays. New York: Basic Books.
Grim, F. (2010). L1 in the L2 classroom at the secondary and college levels: A comparison of functions and use by teachers. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 7 (2), pp. 193–209.
Halté, J.F. (1993). "la didactique du français", Coll. Que suis-je ?, Paris: Presses Universitaires de france..
Halliwell, S., Jones, B. (1991). On Target: Teaching in the Target Language center for Information on language teaching. Pathfind, 5.
Howatt, A. (1984). A history of English language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Johnson, J., Newport, El. (1989). Critical period effects in second language learning: The influence of maturational state on the acquisition of English as a second language. Cognitive Psychology, 21, 60-99.
Krashen, S. (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and implications. New York: Longman.
Loofer, M. (1978). Motivation in foreign and second language learning: An interactive perspective. Educational and child psychology, 13, 97-120.
Mokhtarnia, Sh. (2011). The Interface Between Language and Culture: Exploring a Case of Resistance. The Journal of English as an International Language, 6 (2), 91-117.
Morfi, L. (1988). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Natin, M. (1978). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1, 1-17.
Penfield, W., Roberts, L. (1959). Speech and brain mechanisms. New York: Atheneum Press.
Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Prodromou, L. (2002). From mother tongue to other tongue. Retrieved on August 20, 2013 from www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/methodology / mothertongue.shtml
Rokn, M. (1980). Language, anthropology and cognitive science. Man, 26, 183-197.
Rondal, J.A., Comblain, A.,. (1991). "Aprendre une langue étrangère avant neuf ans", in le français dans le Monde, n° 224.,Paris : Hachette.
Scott, V., Fuente, M. (2008). What’s the Problem? L2 Learners’ use of the L1 during consciousness-raising, form-focused tasks. The Modern Language Journal, 92., i, 100-113.
Soud, H. (1981). Second language acquisition as a clash of consciousness. Language Learning, 26, 377-390.
Stern, H.H. (1992). Issues and options in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stichi, J., Damyani, El. (1985). Critical period effects in second language learning: The influence of maturational state on the acquisition.
Stone, J. (1983). A history of English language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Williams, M. (1994). Motivation in foreign and second language learning: An interactive perspective. Educational and child psychology, 11, 77-84.
Yashima, T. (2009).International Posture and the Ideal L2 Self in the Japanese EFL Context. In Dörnyei, Z. and Ushioda, E. (eds.) Motivation, language identity and the L2 self. (pp. 144-163). Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Xhemaili, M. (2013). The advantages and disadvantages of mother tongue in teaching and learning English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classes. Anglisticum Journal (IJLLIS), 2 (3), 191-195.
)