Research Paper
Discourse Analysis
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini-Maasoum
Abstract
Speech repair is one of the most important tools for successful conversation and communication, which can occur due to different reasons such as misunderstanding the speaker’s words or hearing/speaking problems. Among the types of repair operations, self-initiated self-repair has the highest frequency. ...
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Speech repair is one of the most important tools for successful conversation and communication, which can occur due to different reasons such as misunderstanding the speaker’s words or hearing/speaking problems. Among the types of repair operations, self-initiated self-repair has the highest frequency. Due to the importance of proper communication between teachers and students in classes, especially virtual classes, the present research is a conversation analysis through the study of types of self-initiated self-repair operations in the speech of teachers’ live teaching for primary school students in the Iranian Education (Amouzesh) TV Channel based on the seven-fold classification of Fox& Jasperson (1995). The analysis of 703 minutes of the educational content showed that among 258 cases of repair, the type “abandon structure, start new structure” had the highest frequency (31%) and “recycle word” had the lowest frequency (2%). The results indicate that most of the repairs correspond to a restructuring of the grammatical form of the sentences. Also, a comparison between the first and the second primary school programs showed that there is not a significant correlation between the educational level of the audience and the frequency of the repairs applied by the teacher.
Research Paper
Language Contact and Conflict
Masoumeh Malekiyan; Nahid Jalilevand
Abstract
Mean length of utterance (MLU) is a measure of systematic assessing and describing of language development in children. This study aims to compare language development in Persian and Persian-Turkish Preschoolers by this syntactic measure in a descriptive-analytical method. To do so, 30 Persian and 30 ...
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Mean length of utterance (MLU) is a measure of systematic assessing and describing of language development in children. This study aims to compare language development in Persian and Persian-Turkish Preschoolers by this syntactic measure in a descriptive-analytical method. To do so, 30 Persian and 30 Persian-Turkish preschoolers were selected from 3 age groups of 37-46, 47-56, and 57-66 months. After collecting language samples, data analysis was done by SPSS statistical software. Results show the high correlation between MLUm and MLUw. This supports Parker’s (2005) finding indicating that MLUm and MLUw can be effectively and interchangeably used to measure language development in children. On the other hand, there’s a significant difference between Persian and Persian-Turkish Preschoolers language development only at the age of 57-66 months, this is in line with the findings of some research such as Dahlgren et al. (2017) indicating the verbal performance superiority of monolingual children over their bilingual peers. The verbal performance of two language groups is the same at the earlier ages and they show similar language development with their age increasing.
Research Paper
Sociolinguistics
Shahram Modarres Khiabani; Bahram Modarresi; Vahid Tavoli; Farideh Mohseni Hanjani
Abstract
In the current research, an attempt has been made to investigate and analyze the content of the joke using the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) by Attardo (2020). The data of the present study includes over 400 jokes which were collected from the virtual networks and messaging applications such ...
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In the current research, an attempt has been made to investigate and analyze the content of the joke using the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) by Attardo (2020). The data of the present study includes over 400 jokes which were collected from the virtual networks and messaging applications such as Telegram and Whatsapp in a period of three months. Primarily, descriptive analysis has been applied over the collected data; then, content analysis has been run through SPSS software. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the significance of research variables, Pearson Chi-squared test was used, and Cramér's test was used to check the correlation of between variables.The purpose of this study was to identify the most frequent patterns to make Persian jokes as well as to determine the best pattern based on laughter-inducing effects. After analyzing the data, three common patterns were identified, and after preparing a questionnaire including 30 jokes taken from each of the mentioned patterns and the participation of 125 people with various social variables such as education level, age and gender, the best pattern was identified based on laughter-inducing impact.
Research Paper
Semiotics
Nadia Varmili; Foroogh Kazemi
Abstract
Semantics and semiotics of discourse are the results of structuralist semiotics and the narrative system of semantic studies. This approach links the flow of meaning production with sensory-perceptual conditions. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the narrative structure of the position ...
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Semantics and semiotics of discourse are the results of structuralist semiotics and the narrative system of semantic studies. This approach links the flow of meaning production with sensory-perceptual conditions. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the narrative structure of the position of animals in the stories of Kelileh and Demneh from the perspective of semiotics. The main issue of the research is how the state transcendence is manifested in the current narrations. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data are ten chapters of Kelileh and Demneh anecdotes which have been collected and examined in a documentary manner. The main idea is that people broadly interpret their experiences and convey them in the form of stories. The results of the research show that in each narrative, depending on the events and happenings, different discourse systems can be observed and explained. Narratives serve to convey a moral message to the audience in terms of the function of semio-semantics as a meaningful discourse and the abstract narrator often take the state system by layering the text. The results indicate that in most of the narrations, state system overcomes the action system and after that, calls for other systems of discourse, such as systems of coincidence, event, and adaptation. The findings indicate the fact that the discursive state system in various ways produces meaning sometimes by resistance to the stabilized situation along with retaliatory actions, sometimes, with a system of discourse conservatism and adaptation principle, sometimes with the discourse system of risk-taking and thus provides the way to enter the existential transcendence of animal narrations. The analysis shows that in the tales of this masterpiece, and has realized the meaning.
Research Paper
Sociolinguistics
Shahla Yaghoobi; Ali Karimi Firooz jaee; Hamidreza Shairi; Mohamad Ahmadkhani
Abstract
Persuasive process is an important and open topic in discourse sign-Semiotics. The article tries to analyze type and frequency of persuasive factors in narrative discourses of Azerbaijan Folklore Narratives based on sign-Semioticsapproach and inductive method. The selected narratives are Mahi Siyahe ...
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Persuasive process is an important and open topic in discourse sign-Semiotics. The article tries to analyze type and frequency of persuasive factors in narrative discourses of Azerbaijan Folklore Narratives based on sign-Semioticsapproach and inductive method. The selected narratives are Mahi Siyahe Koochooloo (The Little Red Fish), Kachal Mam Siyah (The Bald Mamsiah), Koroghloo, 24 saat khab o bidari (24 Hours of Sleep and Wake), and Yek Holoo Hezar Holoo (One Peach, One Thousand Peaches) narratives. In these narratives persuasive factors like reasoning, planning, building trust, caution, promise, etc. are used considering the situation and the addressee. From 145 persuasive processes and 24 types of persuasive factors, caution, threat, incitement, reasoning, promise, and rodomontade have the highest frequencies. 1/4 of persuasive factors belong to caution and threat but the rate of success in these two factors is not the same. Bribery, hesitation, compliment, flattery, curse, emphasis and playing to be oppressed were just in one case. The analysis showed that the exhort and frightening of doing outcomes is the dominant style in Azerbaijan Folklore Narratives. There is the highest percentage of persuasion failure in Mahi Siyahe Koochooloo narrative because of the insistence of the doer on the realization of his goal. There is the highest level of persuasion success in Kachal Mam Siyah and Koroghloo because of the power relationship.
Research Paper
Language & Media
Bahare Ghaderi nezhad; Mahnaz Karbalaei Sadegh; Hayat Ameri
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of pictorial metaphors in creating and conveying the message of citizen cartoons. For this purpose, in the form of a case study, seven cartoons on the topic of "booksand book-reading" related to 2019 were extracted from several Persian-language websites ...
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The aim of this study is to investigate the role of pictorial metaphors in creating and conveying the message of citizen cartoons. For this purpose, in the form of a case study, seven cartoons on the topic of "booksand book-reading" related to 2019 were extracted from several Persian-language websites and have been analyzed based onConceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980, 1999; Lakoff, 1993) and Multimodal Metaphor Theory (Forceville, 1996, 2008, 2009). The main objectives of researchare what conceptual metaphors and pictorial metaphors have been used to express the concept of book-reading (or studying) and what their source domainsare. The results show that metaphors of ‘study is journey’, ‘study is agriculture’, ‘study is finding treasure’, ‘study is health (or life)’, ‘study is purification of mind’, ‘study is raining’ and ‘study is Light’are the underlying conceptual metaphors in the studied cartoons. In all these conceptual metaphors, the target domain (i.e. the study) is represented visually by the image of the book. The interaction between metaphor and metonymy plays a key role in the formation of pictorial metaphors and transmission of cartoon messages.
Research Paper
Sociolinguistics
Rahimeh GorjianDardekashti; Parnoush Pazhoohesh; Shahin OujaqAlizadeh
Abstract
Social semiotics examines the status and function of signs in the society and it is one of the recent approaches to text analyses in semiotic studies. One of the important views in the discussion of social semiotics is Pierre Guerrero who classified social semiotics into issues of identity and social ...
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Social semiotics examines the status and function of signs in the society and it is one of the recent approaches to text analyses in semiotic studies. One of the important views in the discussion of social semiotics is Pierre Guerrero who classified social semiotics into issues of identity and social etiquette. Signs of social etiquettes show how individuals and social groups communicate. These signs are divided into verbal and non-verbal communications. The aim of this study is to find the signs of social etiquette in Makhzal Al-Asrar based on the Pierre Guerrero's framework. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this study explored the social signs of non-verbal communication from the Makhzal Al-Asrar. After categorizing, counting and analysing the data, it is found that these signs are associated with actions and postures, various states of facial expressions (crying and laughing, shyness, color, look and eyes), distance, space, food, objects, clothes, symbols and signs, smell and aroma in Makhzon-ul-Asrar. However, the actions and posture of the body and the posture of the behaviour, respectively, had the highest frequency of use, which has played a role in the transfer of concepts through body language along with the spoken language. With the intention of recognizing and encouraging the audience to accept moral-behavioral norms according to his proposed models, Nizami consciously uses the non-verbal communication indicators as auxiliary language in order to make his teachings more effective.
