نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار زبان‌شناسی همگانی، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پژوهش پیش‌رو که از نوع مورد-شاهد است به بررسی فرسایش آوایی در گویشوران بزرگسال دوزبانۀ بلوچی- فارسی به‌لحاظ زمان آغاز واکداری (زآو) همخوان‌های [p]، [t] و [k] می‌پردازد. در این راستا، رفتار زبانی 12 آزمودنی در دو گروه شاهد و یک گروه آزمایشی توصیف و تحلیل شد. هر‌گروه از آزمودنی‌ها متشکل از چهار شرکت‌کننده (دو مرد و دو زن) بود. محرک‌های پژوهش مشتمل‌بر 40 واژۀ اسم دو هجایی پربسامد زبان‌های فارسی و بلوچی بودند. برای سنجش زآو محرک‌ها از‌طریق نرم افزار پرات، گویشوران اسامی را تکرار کردند. تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که زآو همخوان‌های انسدادی بی‌واک [p]، [t] و [k] در گویشوران زبان فارسی بیشتر از گویشوران بلوچی بود. همچنین، الگوی یکسان میانگین زآو در گروه‌های متفاوت ارتباط بین زآوِ همخوان‌های انسدادی بی‌واک و جایگاه تولید آنها را تأیید کرد. زبان فارسی فرسایش آوایی زبان بلوچی را در گویشوران دوزبانۀ بلوچی- فارسی که مهارت پیشرفته‌ای در زبان فارسی داشتند رقم می‌زد؛ زآوِ همخوان‌های بلوچی را به‌سوی زآوِ همخوان‌های فارسی سوق داده و در آنها همگرایی ایجاد می‌کرد. افزون‌بر‌این، زبان بلوچی نیز با کاهش زآو همخوان‌های زبان فارسی و با فرسایش آوایی در آن تداخل ایجاد می‌کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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